Backend
What is ORM?
Object-Relational Mapping — a technique for querying databases using an object-oriented paradigm.
Definition
An ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) lets developers interact with databases using the programming language's objects and methods instead of writing raw SQL. The ORM translates operations like `User.findOne({ email })` into SQL queries. Popular ORMs include Prisma, Sequelize, and TypeORM (JS/TS), Django ORM (Python), and ActiveRecord (Ruby). ORMs improve productivity but can introduce performance overhead for complex queries.